Middle Ear Infections

 

Key Information

  • Very Common: Middle ear infections are common in young children, especially during or after a cold.
  • What It Is: Fluid becomes trapped behind the eardrum and becomes infected (usually by a virus).
  • Usually Self-Limiting: In most cases, your child’s immune system clears the infection without antibiotics.

The "Drainage Pipe" Analogy

Middle ear infections are common in children because of simple anatomy.

  • The Eustachian Tube: Think of the tube connecting the middle ear to the back of the throat as a “drainage pipe.”
  • Adults vs. Children: In young children, this pipe is smaller and more horizontal.
  • The Blockage: During a cold, mucus can easily block this pipe, trapping fluid behind the eardrum.
  • The Pain: As pressure builds behind the eardrum, it causes earache.

Symptoms to Watch For

You may notice:

  • Earache: Pain caused by pressure in the ear.
  • Fever: A high temperature as the body fights infection.
  • Irritability: Crying or increased distress.
  • Physical Signs: Pulling, tugging, or rubbing the ear.
  • Hearing Changes: Temporary hearing reduction due to fluid.

What to Do

  • 1. Manage the Pain
    • Use simple pain relief such as paracetamol or ibuprofen (check the label for dosing).
    • The main goal is comfort while the body clears the infection.
  • 2. Watch and Wait
    • Most infections improve within a few days without specific treatment.

When to Seek Advice

  • You are generally worried about your child.
  • Symptoms last longer than 7 days.
  • Your child is under 2 years old.

Discuss Your Child’s Symptoms

Further Information

Treating Middle Ear Infections

Outer Ear Infection: Causes and Care

For more advice on preventing and treating ear infections, please visit the NHS website.

Learn more about ear infections

Last reviewed: 31 December 2025
Next review due: 31 December 2028

Providing NHS Services

Telephone: 01727 853107

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